The Techniques Used for Flaps Management in External Dacryocystorhinostomy: Review Article

External dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a procedure that is established to treat obstructed tear ducts. There remains some discussion regarding dealing with the posterior flaps in DCR, and varying methods are utilized to enhance the outcome of surgery. This study examines alternative methods of dealing with the back flap in external DCR. The study will compare these methods in terms of success with surgery, healing in patients, as well as long-term outcomes. Clinic studies and research were reviewed to determine each posterior flap procedure's success. Some posterior flap procedures involve cutting out tissue, conserving tissue, and stitching. The studies also examine surgery issues, whether these issues occur again frequently, as well as whether the patients are satisfied. Studies indicate that while suturing posterior flaps may enhance anatomical stability, excision of the posterior flap leads to comparable success rates while simplifying the procedure. The choice of technique often depends on surgeon preference, patient-specific factors, and intraoperative conditions. Cutting and stitching on the back flap are both reliable choices in external DCR. Stamping can create a more ideal shape, though cutting is also a reliable alternative with equal success. There are more studies and random tests suggested that should be conducted to formulate standardized rules on dealing with the back flap in DCR.